Mumunda wekutaurirana nemawaya, nekuzivikanwa kwematerminals akangwara uye kuputika kwekukura kwekudiwa kwebasa re data, kushomeka kwezviwanikwa zve spectrum rave dambudziko iro indasitiri inoda kugadzirisa nekukurumidza. Iyo yechinyakare spectrum yekugovera nzira inonyanya kuenderana neyakagadziriswa frequency mabhendi, ayo asingakonzere chete kutambisa zviwanikwa, asi zvakare anodzikamisa kumwe kunatsiridza kwekuita kwetiweki. Kubuda kweiyo cognitive radio tekinoroji inopa shanduko yemhinduro yekuvandudza spectrum mashandisiro ekushandisa. Nekuona nharaunda uye zvine simba kugadzirisa mashandisirwo emagetsi, redhiyo yekuziva inogona kuona kugovaniswa kwehungwaru kwezviwanikwa zvespectrum. Zvakadaro, kugovanisa spectrum kune vese vashandisi kuchiri kutarisana nematambudziko mazhinji anoshanda nekuda kwekuoma kwekutsinhana kweruzivo uye nekukanganisa manejimendi.
Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, mushandisi mumwechete's multi-radio access network (RAN) inoonekwa seyakanakira mamiriro ekushandiswa kweruzivo rweredhiyo tekinoroji. Kusiyana nekugovaniswa kwemagetsi kune vese vashandisi, mushandisi mumwechete anogona kuwana kugovaniswa kwakanaka kwezviwanikwa zvespectrum kuburikidza nepedyo kugovana ruzivo uye nepakati manejimendi, uku ichideredza kuoma kwekudzora kupindira. Iyi nzira haingogone kuvandudza kushanda kwese kwetiweki, asi zvakare kupa mukana kune hungwaru manejimendi ezviwanikwa zve spectrum.
Munzvimbo yetiweki yemunhu mumwe chete anoshanda, kushandiswa kweiyo cognitive radio tekinoroji inogona kuita basa rakakura. Chekutanga, kugovana ruzivo pakati pemanetiweki kuri nyore. Sezvo ese mabhesi zviteshi uye nzvimbo dzekuwana dzinotungamirwa nemushandisi mumwechete, sisitimu inogona kuwana ruzivo rwakakosha senge base chiteshi nzvimbo, chimiro chechiteshi, uye kugovera mushandisi munguva chaiyo. Iyi tsigiro yakazara uye yakarurama yedata inopa hwaro hwakavimbika hwekugovaniswa kwesimba.
Chechipiri, iyo yepakati sosi yekubatanidza masisitimu inogona kukwirisa zvakanyanya kugona kwekushandiswa kwe spectrum. Nekuunza yepakati manejimendi node, vashandisi vanogona kugadzirisa zvine simba iyo spectrum yekugovera zano zvinoenderana nechaiyo-nguva network zvinodiwa. Semuenzaniso, munguva dzepamusoro-soro, zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvinokwanisa kugoverwa kune nzvimbo dzakasimba mushandisi kutanga, uku ichichengetedza yakaderera-density spectrum kugoverwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo, nekudaro kuwana inochinjika yekushandisa zviwanikwa.
Mukuwedzera, kudzora kupindira mukati memushandisi mumwe chete kuri nyore. Sezvo manetwork ese ari pasi pehutongi hwesisitimu imwe chete, mashandisirwo emagetsi anogona kurongwa zvakafanana kudzivirira matambudziko ekuvhiringidza anokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwemaitiro ekubatanidza mune yechinyakare cross-operator spectrum kugovera. Kufanana uku hakungogadziri kugadzikana kwehurongwa, asi kunopawo mukana wekuita mamwe akaomarara ehurongwa hwekuronga.
Kunyangwe iyo yekuziva redhiyo application mamiriro emunhu mumwechete ane mabhenefiti akakosha, akawanda ehunyanzvi matambudziko achiri kuda kukundwa. Chekutanga ndiko kurongeka kwe spectrum sensing. Cognitive redhiyo tekinoroji inoda kutarisa mashandisirwo emagetsi munetiweki munguva chaiyo uye kupindura nekukurumidza. Nekudaro, dzakaomarara dzisina waya nharaunda dzinogona kutungamira kune isina kurongeka chiteshi ruzivo, izvo zvinokanganisa kushanda kwekugoverwa kwe spectrum. Panyaya iyi, kuvimbika uye kumhanya kwekupindura kwekuona kwe spectrum kunogona kuvandudzwa nekuunza mamwe emhando yepamusoro ekudzidza muchina algorithms.
Chechipiri ndiko kuomarara kwekuparadzira nzira dzakawanda uye manejimendi ekupindira. Mune akawanda-mushandisi mamiriro, kuwanda kupararira kwezviratidzo kunogona kukonzera kukakavara mukushandiswa kwe spectrum. Nekunatsiridza modhi yekukanganisa uye nekuunza nzira yekudyidzana yekukurukurirana, kukanganisa kwakashata kwekuparadzira kwakawanda pakugoverwa kwespectrum kunogona kuderedzwa.
Yekupedzisira ndeye computational kuomarara kwe dynamic spectrum allocation. Mune yakakura-yakakura network yemushandisi mumwe chete, chaiyo-nguva optimization yekugovera spectrum inoda kugadzirisa huwandu hukuru hwe data. Kuti izvi zviitike, yakagovaniswa komputa dhizaini inogona kugamuchirwa kuti iparadze basa rekugovera spectrum kune yega yega chiteshi, nekudaro kuderedza kudzvanywa kwepakati komputa.
Kushandisa cognitive redhiyo tekinoroji kune imwechete opareta yeakawanda-redhiyo yekuwana network haingogone kuvandudza zvakanyanya mashandisiro ekushandisa kweiyo spectrum zviwanikwa, asi zvakare kuisa hwaro hwehungwaru hwekutarisira network. Muminda yakangwara imba, kuzvitonga kutyaira, indasitiri yeInternet yeZvinhu, nezvimwe, inoshanda spectrum kugovera uye yakaderera-latency network masevhisi ndizvo zvakakosha zvinodiwa. Iyo yekuziva redhiyo tekinoroji yeanoshanda chete inopa yakanakira tekinoroji rutsigiro kune izvi zviitiko kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwekutonga zviwanikwa uye chaiyo yekukanganisa kutonga.
Mune ramangwana, nekusimudzirwa kwe5G uye 6G network uye nekushandisa kwakadzama kwehunyanzvi hwekunyepedzera tekinoroji, ruzivo rweredhiyo tekinoroji yemushandisi mumwe chete inotarisirwa kuwedzeredzwa. Nekuunza algorithms ane hungwaru, sekudzidza kwakadzama uye kusimbaradza kudzidza, iyo yakakwana yekugovaniswa kweiyo spectrum zviwanikwa inogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo yakaoma yetiweki. Pamusoro pezvo, nekuwedzera kwekuda kwekutaurirana pakati pezvishandiso, iyo yakawanda-redhiyo yekuwana network yeanoshanda mumwechete inogona zvakare kukwidziridzwa kutsigira akawanda-modhi kutaurirana uye kudyidzana kutaurirana pakati pemidziyo, ichiwedzera kuvandudza mashandiro etiweki.
Hungwaru manejimendi ezviwanikwa zve spectrum ndiyo musimboti wenyaya mumunda we wireless communications. Single opareta cognitive radio tekinoroji inopa nzira nyowani yekuvandudza spectrum mashandisiro ekushandisa nekureruka kwayo kwekugovana ruzivo, kugona kwekugadzirisa zviwanikwa, uye kutonga kwekukanganisa manejimendi. Kunyangwe akawanda ehunyanzvi matambudziko achiri kuda kukundwa mumashandisirwo anoshanda, mabhenefiti ayo akasiyana uye tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa inoita kuti ive gwara rakakosha rekuvandudza tekinoroji yekutaurirana isina waya. Mukuita kwekuenderera mberi kwekuongorora uye optimization, iyi tekinoroji ichabatsira kutaurirana kusina waya kuenda kune ramangwana rinoshanda uye rakangwara.
(Chinyorwa kubva paInternet, ndapota taura nesu kuti tibviswe kana paine chero kukanganisa)
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-20-2024
